The dates when you can sow, plant in the ground and dig garlic in 2024 depend on the variety. Spring is the time to plant spring, and autumn is winter. It is not difficult to select approximate dates given the characteristics of the species, and the Lunar calendar will help you choose the most successful day. Spring and winter garlic differ not only in terms of planting, they have different indicators of keeping quality, taste and ripening period. Also, each species needs its own approach - a way of growing, caring.
Methods of reproduction
Culture can only be propagated vegetatively:
- Teeth.
- Single teeth.
- Air bulbs (seeds ripened in flower arrows).
The first option is more often used, the largest teeth are chosen, large bulbs grow from them.
The culture is prone to rapid degeneration, varietal characteristics are lost already for 3-4 years, the taste changes, the sharpness disappears, the heads become noticeably smaller, immunity to diseases, pests and adverse weather factors is greatly reduced. Planting material needs to be updated. In this case, use the third method of reproduction (bulbs).
In the first year, a single-tooth ripens from the seed, and the next season, a full-fledged, large, multi-toothed bulb will grow from it. Sevok is well rooted, including self-sowing. It is important to remove the arrows in time, crumbling seeds are difficult to pick out of the ground, and by autumn they will give a continuous growth. Sevka is not afraid of frost, in the soil they can withstand temperatures up to -25˚С.
Mature and well-dried air bulbs can be stored for up to 2 years in a dark, cool place.
The most massive arrows on he althy plants are suitable for collecting seeds. When fully ripe, the stem straightens, the shell of the box bursts. You need to dig out the head along with the arrow, leave it in the sun. Once the stem is dry, cut off the seed pods, place in a paper or cloth bag and store in a dry, dark place. Sort before sowing. Separate the seeds from the boxes, select the largest and he althiest. 1, 5-2 months before planting, start hardening the seeds - transfer them to the refrigerator.
What is the difference between winter and spring species
The two varieties of culture have many differences, the main and most noticeable is the type of ground part and bulbs. More details in the table.
| Differences | Winter | Spring |
| Method of reproduction | Teeth and seeds | Teeth |
| Head - diameter/weight | Up to 5cm/up to 120g | From 2.5cm/max 25g |
| Husk | Tightly "sits" on the teeth | Slightly separated from teeth (loose) |
| Flower arrow | Grows back on all kinds | Only the Gulliver variety has it |
| Teeth | 6 to 10 per bulb, uniform and evenly spaced | From 15 to 30, different sizes (large on the edge, small inside), arranged randomly or in a spiral |
| Shell (cloves) | Tough | Soft |
| Stem (stem in the center of the bulb) | Thick, hard | Missing |
Species also differ in yield, winter yields are always higher, albeit slightly. The storage period for winter varieties is about 16-20 weeks, and the spring variety will lie for up to 10 months, in suitable conditions it will not germinate, will not wither and will not deteriorate.
Date of planting spring species
The variety does not tolerate frosts below -3˚С (on the ground). At the same time, at the initial stages of development, an average or low temperature is required; in the heat, it will stop in development. It is necessary to plant the species when the soil warms up to + 4-6˚С, and the air in the daytime - up to + 8˚С (for 7-10 days).
Estimated landing times:
- Ural, Siberia - from mid-April to the second half of May.
- Central Federal District - from 5 to 20 April.
- South of Russia - end of March.
- Leningrad region - from mid-April to early May.
When planting late in dry soil, the rooting process will slow down, most of the nutrients will be spent on growing greenery, the yield will decrease. In the south, landing before winter is possible, when during the day the thermometer does not rise above + 10 ° C, and the soil is still warm enough. However, the resulting crop will not differ in keeping quality.
Date of planting winter species
Before the onset of frost, the teeth should take root (roots up to 5-8 cm long), but do not germinate. If the root system does not form before the thermometer drops to -10 ° C, the teeth are likely to freeze. It takes about 35-45 days to grow and strengthen the root. In spring, shoots will appear when the soil warms up to +3-5˚С, the head will begin to form at +14-16˚С, it will ripen at +20-27˚С.
By the time of planting, the soil to a depth of 10 cm should cool down to + 12-14˚С. Estimated pick up time:
- Urals, Siberia and the Far East region - from the end of September to October 5-10.
- Northern regions - last days of August.
- South of the Russian Federation - from October 20 to the first days of November.
- Central Federal District and Leningrad Region - from late September to mid-October.
If the autumn turned out to be cold, the frosts came earlier, it is better to postpone the planting of garlic until early spring so that the planting material does not freeze. But in this case, by the middle of summer, medium-sized bulbs with small teeth are formed.
Lunar calendar
Garlic is recommended to be planted in the waning phase, when the juices move from the green to the roots. This is the best time to plant all plants that bear fruit underground (root crops, potatoes, bulbs, etc.). It is impossible to plant and sow a crop on a full moon and a new moon. Table: best and worst days for sowing and planting garlic in 2024 by month.
| Month | Auspicious days | Bad days |
| March | 1, 2, 5, 6, 9, 27, 28, 29 | 7, 8, 10, 25 |
| April | 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 25, 29, 30 | 4, 5, 8, 24 |
| May | 3, 4, 7, 26, 27, 30, 31 | 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 23, 28, 29 |
| September | 21, 22, 25, 26, | 1, 3, 18, 19, 20, 27, 28, 29 |
| October | 18, 19, 22, 23 | 2, 17, 24, 25, 26 |
| November | 18, 19, 20, 28, 29, 30 | 1, 16, 21, 22 |
The unfavorable numbers are also indicated when the satellite is in a decreasing phase, but is in the infertile signs of the zodiac (Aries, Gemini, Leo and Aquarius).
When to dig garlic
The shelf life of both varieties is reduced if the harvest time is not met (dig up earlier or later). In ripe garlic, the lower leaves turn completely yellow and dry out, while the tip of the upper leaves brightens and dries. The roots are thin, gray in color. The shell of the seed pods cracked. The neck became thin and dry. The covering (outer) husk of the heads is strong, has acquired a light purple hue.
Finally, advice - you need to dig up garlic when the weather is sunny, dry. The earth should be crumbly, easy to crumble from the bulbs, since they cannot be washed after harvesting, the keeping quality will decrease significantly even after good drying. To dry the garlic, it must be laid out in the beds (when there is no rain according to the forecast), in an area under a canopy or in a ventilated room. If everything is done correctly, after 7-10 days the crop can be sorted and stored for storage.
